Exhibit展品
astronaut
/ˈæstrənɔːt/
Who decided a space traveler was a sailor?是谁把太空旅行者叫成水手的？
Today此刻
A person who travels in space.在太空中旅行的人。
Modern现代构造
Take it apart拆开来看
A modern learned compound, made from Greek parts on the model of aeronaut. Not an ancient Greek word, even though both pieces are Greek.现代的学术复合词，用希腊语部件、按 aeronaut 的样子造成。两个部件都是希腊语，这个词本身不是古希腊词。
Travel through time穿过时间
Greek希腊语
astron
star星
Greek希腊语
nautēs
sailor水手
English · modern coinage英语 · 现代新造
astronaut
a traveler among the stars在星辰之间旅行的人
Coined from these Greek pieces. The museum is not pinning a first citation to a single year.由这些希腊语部件造成。本馆不把首次出处钉在单独的一年。
How the meaning moved意义如何移动
01 · the figure in the compound01 · 复合词里的比喻
a sailor of the stars星辰的水手
02 · twentieth-century English02 · 二十世纪英语
a person who travels in space在太空中旅行的人
Story故事
The sailor comes late水手来得很晚
There is no ancient Greek sailor of the stars hiding in a classical text under this exact name. Astronaut is a modern learned compound. It takes Greek astron, star, and Greek nautēs, sailor, and builds them on the model of aeronaut, a sailor of the air.
The pieces are old. The word is not. It became the ordinary name for a person who leaves the earth in the twentieth century, when the journey stopped being a figure of speech.
Disaster uses the star as an omen. Astronaut uses it as a destination. Same root, opposite moods, and a long gap of time between the buildings.
古典文献里没有一个恰好叫这个名字的古代希腊“星辰水手”。Astronaut 是现代的学术复合词。它取希腊语 astron（星）和 nautēs（水手），按 aeronaut（空中的水手）的样子搭起来。
部件是旧的。词是新的。二十世纪，当离开地球不再只是一个比喻，它成了这种人的普通名字。
disaster 把星当作征兆。astronaut 把星当作目的地。同一条根，两种心情，中间隔着很长的造词时间。
Keep wandering继续漫游
Research notes研究笔记
Confidence · High把握 · 高
The outline is the ordinary account in historical dictionaries.轮廓与历史词典里的通行说法一致。
Sources出处
An outline for the visitor, not a critical edition.给访客的纲要，不是校勘本。